Queries also allow the user to join multiple tables. For example, if you have a table called "customers" and a table called "invoices", you can use a query to join the two tables. When you run a query that joins these two tables, you can get results showing the name of the customer (from the customer table) and all associated invoices (from the invoices table). Queries are often used as the basis for reports in Access.
Queries don't do the same things as any other part of a database, and so asking for their 'advantages' isn't really valid. They are the only way to extract some of a table's records while ignoring those which don't match the criteria set by the query.