Can a US Citizen marry a Chinese national in China?

You will need a certificate of no impediment to marriage and its notarized translation, your passport, her hukou and her ID card and the photos. The photos are "official style" photos, kind of passport-like, of you and her together, any photo studio in China will do them, just tell them you want marriage certificate photos. Go to the local Civil Affairs Bureau, fill out the forms, hand over the (very small) fee, you're good to go. I've never heard of any visa or residence permit requirements, although I think you can assume quite safely that you must be legally in China. All legal requirements for medical tests have been abolished. If anybody tells you you need any medical test of any kind, they're wrong.

http://www.usembassy-china.org.cn/us-citizen/mrginfo.html

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