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In short, a refrigerator is a heat pump, thus the heat is pumped from the inside compartment of the refrigerator and released outside. A refrigerator consist of three active parts, a compressor, condenser and a evaporator, the compressor is pumping the refrigerant that is in a vapor form to a higher pressure so that it can change to a liquid form, but because of the high temperature generated in the compression stage and the friction of the gas through the tubes, it is not possible to liquefy until its cooled down. That is the purpose of the condenser, it is made up of a long metal tube that is coiled and covered with a heat sink to help get rid of the heat, that is the black plate at the back of the refrigerator, the liquid refrigerant is then passed through a dryer/filter to remove any sediments and possible moisture from the refrigerant then through a thin copper tube that is called a capillary tube, to the evaporator, that is the plate at the inside back of the refrigerator, in the older type single door refrigerators it is the freezing compartment at the top.
Because of the much lower pressure in the evaporator the liquid refrigerant immediately start to evaporate back to a vapor form, taking the heat out of the refrigerator inside compartment and returned to the compressor for recycling. The temperature of the refrigerator is controlled by switching the compressor on and off by means of a thermostat, where the sensor of the thermostat is connected to the evaporator. At the highest point of the superheat (superheat is the difference in temperature between the inlet and outlet side of the evaporator).

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Q: Can you give me a tecnical description of the refrigerator?
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