A fuse is the weakest link in an electrical circuit, i.e. it has a lower current carrying capacity than the circuit's wiring, and is made of a thin wire. A fuse's rating (its current carrying...
GFCI stands for ground fault circuit interruptor. It inherently works by detecting ground current; when ground current is detected above a low threshold, the GFCI will trip. Some GFCIs also may...
Overcurrent protection is used to isolate faults (it shouldn't operate due to load). Overload protection is used to remove load when it is beyond the maximum rating of the transformer.