Often electrochemical studies are interested in one of the electrodes of the cell only.
The second electrode is present to complete the cell.
Electrode of interest is named working electrode or the indicator electrode; the
second electrode is know as reference electrode or auxiliary electrode (counter
electrode).
Potentiometric titration is a method to detect potential difference between the indicator electrode and reference electrode and thus determine concentration of chemical component, which reacts with reagent added to a solution potentially in equilibrium at the beginning.The popularly used reference electrode is either silver-silver chloride or mercury sulfate electrode, and the indicator electrode is generally made of glass electrode, platinum electrode and silver electrode or ion selective electrode.
The potential applied between the indicator electrode and the reference electrode is kept constant and the current through the electrolyte cell is then measured on addition of each increament oftitrating solution.
Monopolar electrode is single electrode measure voltage with respect to grond ,but bipolar electrode is two electrode measures the diff. voltage mainly bipolar is used inorder to get high Signal to Noise ratio.
Redox doesn't use indicators. It uses the natural colouration of the chemicals involved to determine the endpoint and titre. Acid-base titrations use a pH indicator, as otherwise there is often no way to tell the difference between an acidic solution and a basic one.
It consists of tube in the bottom of which is a layer of mercury ,over which is placed a paste of Hg+HgCl2.The remaining portion of cell is filled with a solution of normal or decinormal or saturated solution of KCl. a platinum wire dipping into the mercury layer is used for making electrical contact. the side tube is used for electrode is formulated as;Hg,Hg2Cl2,KCl. the electrode can be coupled with the hydrogen electrode of unknown pH.
Potentiometric titration is a method to detect potential difference between the indicator electrode and reference electrode and thus determine concentration of chemical component, which reacts with reagent added to a solution potentially in equilibrium at the beginning.The popularly used reference electrode is either silver-silver chloride or mercury sulfate electrode, and the indicator electrode is generally made of glass electrode, platinum electrode and silver electrode or ion selective electrode.
The potential applied between the indicator electrode and the reference electrode is kept constant and the current through the electrolyte cell is then measured on addition of each increament oftitrating solution.
what is the difference between the external & internal indicator
Distinguish between buffer and indicator
E(SCE)-E(H)=241 mV @25°C SHE is a primary standard electrode bt SCE is secondary reference electrode use for more easier work than SHE & SCE,s potential also measured by taking SHE as reference electrode.
A pH meter is an ion selective electrode (H+), it gives pH to a far more accurate figure and leaves no room for interpretation (based on wetness of strip, colour may appear to show different pHs with univ. indicator
what is the difference between the external & internal indicator
If electrons are left behind in metal this will increase the voltage difference between a metal electrode and a solution. Also if the solution becomes more positive this will cause an increase.
An area reference is a general location indicated on a map, such as a city or region, while a grid reference is a specific point identified by intersecting lines on a grid system, such as latitude and longitude coordinates or a military grid reference system (MGRS). Essentially, an area reference gives a broader location, while a grid reference pinpoints a precise position within that area.
Monopolar electrode is single electrode measure voltage with respect to grond ,but bipolar electrode is two electrode measures the diff. voltage mainly bipolar is used inorder to get high Signal to Noise ratio.
difference between acid base indicator and universal indicator
nothing, the difference between this plug and a rj19lm is minimal, but it has an extended electrode and a wide gap .040 instead of .030. You could theoretically use a 19lm with little issue but I wouldn't recommend it.