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He does not mention about the erection of the penis during the beginning of 20th century.
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What are the disadvantage of using computer based-project management?
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What management theory is bp using?
Behavioural science approach,management science & contigency theory
Disadvantages of time management?
Depends of advantages or Disadvantages is condition that Positive than Advantage or negative than Disadvantage.If using a certain time management system actually requires more time than it saves, then it is disadvantage. So if a time management system requires 5 hours a week to maintain it needs to save you more than 5 hours to be worth using.
What are the different management theory?
Recent Developments in Management Theory Under this category of theory are the Systems Approach, Situational or Contingency theory, Chaos theory, and Team Building theory. The systems theory has had a significant effect on management science and understanding organizations. A system is a collection of part unified to accomplish an overall goal. If one part of the system is removed, the nature of the system is changed as well. A system can be looked at as having inputs (e.g., resources such as raw materials, money, technologies, people), processes (e.g., planning, organizing, motivating, and controlling), outputs (products or services) and outcomes (e.g., enhanced quality of life or productivity for customers/clients, productivity). Systems share feedback among each of these four aspects of the system. 18 The Systems Theory may seem quite basic. Yet, decades of management training and practices in the workplace have not followed this theory. Only recently, with tremendous changes facing organizations and how they operate, have educators and managers come to face this new way of looking at things. The effect of systems theory in management is that it helps managers to look at the organization more broadly. It has also enabled managers to interpret patterns and events in the workplace - i.e., by enabling managers to recognize the various parts of the organization, and, in particular, the interrelations of the parts. The situational or contingency theory asserts that when managers make a decision, they must take into account all aspects of the current situation and act on those aspects that are key to the situation at hand. Basically, it is the approach that "it depends". For example, if one is leading troops in Iraq, an autocratic style is probably best. If one is leading a hospital or University, a more participative and facilitative leadership style is probably best. The Chaos theory is advocated by Tom Peters (1942). As chaotic and random as global events seem today, they are equally chaotic in organizations. Yet for many decades, managers have acted on the basis that organizational events can always be controlled. Thus, a new theory, known as chaos theory, has emerged to recognize that events are rarely controlled. Chaos theorists suggest that systems naturally go to more complexity, and as they do so, they become more volatile and must, therefore, expend more energy to maintain that complexity. As they expend more energy, they seek more structure to maintain stability. This trend continues until the system splits, combines with another complex system or falls apart entirely. It will need an effective manager for the latter worst scenario not to happen. 19 The last management theory is the Team Building approach or theory. This theory emphasizes quality circles, best practices, and continuous improvement. It is a theory that mainly hinges on reliance on teamwork. It also emphasizes flattening of management pyramid, and reducing the levels of hierarchy. Finally, it is all about consensus management - i.e., involving more people at all levels in decision-making. Other Management Theories In this category are the works of Edward W. Deming and Douglas McGregor. Edward Deming is the founder of modern quality management and is regarded by the Japanese as the key influence in their postwar economic miracle. He postulated several assumptions: create constancy of purpose for continual improvement of products and service; adopt the new philosophy created in Japan; cease dependence on mass inspection; build quality along with price; improve constantly and forever every process planning, production, and service; institute modern methods of training on-the-job for including management; adopt and institute leadership aimed at helping people to do a better job; drive out fear, encourage effective two-way communication; breakdown barriers between departments and staff areas; eliminate exhortations for the workforce - they only create adversarial relationships; eliminate quotas and numerical targets; remove barriers to pride of workmanship, including annual appraisals and Management by Objectives; encourage education and self-improvement for everyone; and define top management's permanent commitment to everimproving quality and productivity and their obligation to implement all these principles. Douglas McGregor (1906-1964) postulated management ideas as contained in "Theory X" and "Theory Y". Using human behavior research, he noted that the way an organization runs depends on the beliefs of its managers. 20 "Theory X" gives a negative view of human behavior and management that he considered to have dominated management theory from Fayol onwards - especially Taylorism. It also assumes that most people are basically immature, need direction and control, and are incapable of taking responsibility. They are viewed as lazy, dislike work and need a mixture of financial inducements and threat of loss of their job to make them work ('carrot and stick' mentality). "Theory Y", the opposite of "Theory X", argues that people want to fulfill themselves by seeking self-respect, self-development, and self-fulfillment at work as in life in general. The six basic assumptions for 'Theory Y' are: work is as natural as play or rest - the average human being does not inherently dislike work, whether work is a source of pleasure or a punishment (to be avoided) depends on nature of the work and its management. Second, effort at work need not depend on threat of punishment - if committed to objectives then selfdirection and self-control rather than external controls. Third, commitment to objectives is a function of the rewards associated with their achievement. Satisfaction of ego and self-actualization needs can be directed towards the objectives of the organization. Fourth, the average human being learns, under proper conditions, not only to accept but to seek responsibility. Fifth, high degrees of imagination, ingenuity and creativity are not restricted to a narrow group but are widely distributed in the population. Lastly, under the conditions of modern industrial life, the intellectual potentials of the average human being are being only partly utilized. There is, however, one theory or approach, the quantitative approach that is hardly used and known by managers. It emerges from operations research and management science. It is a mathematical and statistical solution to problems using optimization models, and computer simulations. It is most effective 21 management decision-making rather than managerial behavior. The management theories that have been discussed, important as they are, have to be translated in practice by managers.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of intrapreneurship?
•Ability to stay with the company, friendships, security of the corporation. •Capital for the new idea is easier to come from inside the company. •Pracitce of creating a business within the origanization before starting one outside. •Using the company name, goodwill, channels for your intraprise. •Relatively less risk and liability •Access to Capital Sources, Access to customers, Infrastructure, Management Pools, Leverage on an existing business. •Recognition • Multiple credits •Promotion •Bonuses •Leadership roles. Posted by Dr.Daniel Lashar
What is a disadvantage of using png?
The disadvantage is that , gif is better
What is the disadvantage of using platinum?
The Disadvantage of using platinum is that it is highly corrosive nad extrely toxic.
One disadvantage of using a one pipe heating system is that what?
One disadvantage of using a one pipe heating system is that what?
Is a disadvantage using tables?
Whether or not it is a disadvantage depends on what you are trying to do with the table.
Disadvantage of using cad?
1 disadvantage is that it might not always be as accurate as you want it to be
What is a disadvantage to using community transportation?
the disadvantage of using community service is that you have to pay and you dont have the advantage to going where ever you want
What are the advantage and disadvantage of using SEPIC converter for PV apllication?
What are the advantage and disadvantage of SEPIC converter
What is the disadvantage of using razors?
You can cut yourself
What is disadvantage of using ram?
dont worry about it!
What is disadvantage of using wrike software?
inexistent
What is the disadvantage of using wax tablets?
l
What is a disadvantage of using relative humidity?
A disadvantage of using relative humidity is that it cannot indicate how much the moisture content actually is. it can only show that the air is saturated.
