yes. it is not commonly used but when it is, its a great full sounding tone. john entwistle in his later years used great distortion. also some wolfmother songs use it. me aswell.
distortion pedals work the same way for electric, bass, and even acoustic guitars, signals are "distorted" through the pedal and out into the amp, of course the sound might not be favorable by most...
Yes, though the frequencies might not match up quite right. I'd use my ear wisely and try at low volumes first. And remember there are tons of pedals out there actually designed to be used for your...
Not for a bass guitar, it is possible, but very low grade.I don't know quite what you mean, but guitars can be and have been strung as basses. Geezer Butler from Black Sabbath played one for years...