Yes, the diameter of a black hole is finite. And the circumference, or more of just outside of the circumference, is known as the event horizon. This is the "point of no return" and once you get passed this point there is no escape.
yes. some black holes are predicted to be the size of an electron.
there is no exact answer, different black holes have different speeds, but all black holes can crush 1 tonne of metal into a size of a pebble
Except for supemassive black holes, no. Most black holes have about the same mass as a star, but the event horizon is only a few miles across.
By the diameter of their event horizon.
False. Only the most massive stars will become black holes.
Roughly speaking, the larger galaxies tend to have larger central black holes.
No. They do not have enough mass to become black holes. Depending on the mass they will either become white dwarfs or neutron stars.
Black holes can increase in mass (and therefore size; the diameter of a black hole's event horizon is directly proportional to its mass) by accretion, or taking in additional matter and/or energy.
The relevant magnitude is mainly the black holes' mass. Since black holes are the result of collapsing stars, yes, there are black holes with the mass of a star.The diameter is usually taken as the diameter of the event horizon. This diameter is directly proportional to the mass; a supermassive black hole such as Sag A* has a diameter comparable to that of a large star.
While scientists have never actually SEEN a black hole (they are called "black holes" because their gravity is so great that not even light can escape!) we believe that super-massive black holes are at the hearts of most galaxies. These super-massive black holes might be the mass of a million stars the size of the Sun, or larger.
if you crush something the size of planet earth into something the size of a dime, it is tecnically "possible" to create a black hole.
All dead big stars do not form black holes because sometimes the collapse of the star is stopped at a smaller size before it becomes a black hole.