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What secretes cytokines?

Updated: 8/11/2023
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9y ago

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Yes. T cells can differentiate into several kinds of T cells such as Tregs, Th1, Th2, Th3, Th17 and others. Each specialized T cell can be be characterized (to some degree) by the cytokines they secrete. Th1 cells secrete IFN gamma while Th2 cells secrete IL4, IL5, IL9 and IL13. These are not the only cytokines they are capable of secreting, but these are the predominate ones.

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Q: What secretes cytokines?
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The cytokines that an activated macrophage secretes attract and activate other cells of the immune system.


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Cytokines are a category of signaling molecules that, like hormones and neurotransmitters, are used extensively in cellular communication. They are proteins, peptides or glycoproteins. The action of cytokines may be autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine. Cytokines are critical to the development and functioning of both the innate and adaptive immune response, although not limited to just the immune system. They are often secreted by immune cells that have encountered a pathogen, thereby activating and recruiting further immune cells to increase the system's response to the pathogen. Cytokines are also involved in several developmental processes during embryogenesis.


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How do cytokines help the human immune system?

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Which gland secretes parathormone?

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