Not if it is court ordered or is in someway connected to any type of court proceedings. In which case the person would be in contempt of court, and subject to penalties depending on state law.
JUST A CAUTION; ANY TIME YOU REFUSE TO SUBMIT TO A DRUG SCREENING IT IS RECOGNIZED AS BEING A DIRTY TEST.
i was going to answer the same way, refusal is an indication of guilt, you can rebute a positive all you want, (and i have read some pretty original excuses with a witness of how the drug entered the testee),
the contention is a supervisor will notice signs of use, (lateness, absence, decreased job performance, inattentiveness, etc.), slyly give the employee enough confidence that he is not suspected of use, notice that the employee is at the stage of showing up stoned, etc., gather evidence of on duty use, then ask for a drug screen, (the same behavior is encouraged as family unsupportive therapy and frees time the family would spend in therapy for creative family pastimes, good deeds, etc)
if refused, fabricated documentation is easily fabricated for suspension or dismissal, (it happened to me, my supervisor said a customer called, he went to see the subscriber, got an unjust letter stating i was drunk on the job, and superbly slipped it into my work file as i honestly verbalized innocence, funny, i never asked to see the letter, call the union, etc., in retrospect, i now realize it was a hoax)