Answer:
Yup, no matter where you live. If it's hot and sunny all the time, they need a shady place to go. If it rains, they need to be able to get out of it, just like other animals. If it snows DEFINATELY yes. Dogs have a fur coat, but that doesn't mean they can stay out all winter without shelter.
Dog houses dont have to be expensive, but if you're in a really hot or really cold area you might want to add some insulation. If it's a working dog on a farm or something, just make sure it can get inside the barn if it needs to etc.