Answer:
Ethanol is said to attack some rubber components such as fuel lines and seals and gaskets.
/Brian W
There are huge variations in what cars can be modified to use ethanol due to the car manufacturer and year the car was made. If car was made after 1985, ethanol should not be as corrosive as for cars made before 1985.
Higher concentration (for example E85 or fuel with 85% ethanol) will have corrosive effect on rubber, plastic and/or aluminum parts that are not designed for it. Aluminium can be protected by anodizing it which will add protective layer to it.
Smaller concentration (E5 or E10) will not affect unprotected aluminum parts at all. They might still have negative impact on unprotected rubber parts (fuel lines, injector seals etc). Fuel tanks (or the lining within) might have problems withstanding the ethanol and should be replaced with suitable tank.
/Mikko Savolainen