No, the rights of both citizens and non-citizens are protected by the US Constitution. However, there are some right specifically reserved for citizens, such as the right to a Federal job and to vote.
In actuality, the Constitution doesn't apply to "citizens," nor does it even apply to "people." It applies to the government. It tells the government what it can and can't do (the body tells the government what it can do, and the Bill of Rights tells it what it can't do).
Immigration rules are administrative ones, and are mandated by Congress, not the courts.
While what is said above is legally true, in reality, non-citizen's rights are NOT protected by the US Constitution. The government cannot completely remove the right of aliens to keep and bear arms, have freedom of expression, etc, but it can greatly restrict those rights almost to the point where they are non-existent. This just goes to show that the interpretation of the US Constitution and the Bill of Rights is really completely arbitary on the part of the government.
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Illegals/Noncitizens are subject to the laws of their own Country, granted they must obey our laws but if arrested, their Embassy is contacted for their Countries intercession- Why b/c they are Subjects of their Country- Always- 1st & Foremost!
Our Govt has eroded Citizens Rights by stating Everyone is Constitutionally protected!
When the Constitution was written, many Noncitizens lived among Citizens and were NOT given the Rights that were granted to Citizens!
You ERODE our Constitution when you freely give those Rights that many have fought & died for to anyone that steps foot on our soil!
The US Constitution applies equally to people that find themselves subject to the authority of the US government but that are not citizens of the US as long as they are in US territory.