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Verona was a damaged city full of confusion and conflict. This is why William Shakespeare set his play Romeo and Juliet In Verona as the themes of the play corresponding to the state of affairs in the itlaian city at the time. Shakespeare also set his play in Verona because he did not want to offend the royal family as the two families in the play could be argued to represent the battle in England of Protestants and Catholics. Shakespeare did not want to upset the Elizabeth the 1st who was a protestant leader as he may of got punished, therefore it was imperative that he clearly stated that his play was set in Verona as a pose to England.

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The first fortified settlement was built in primitive days on the San Pietro hills, near a river Ford that linked the plains and pre-Alps area. The city was probably founded by the Euganeans or Rhaetians and later ruled by the Etruscans and Gauls. Veronawas conquered by the Romans in the 1st century B.C. In 49 B.C. the town adopted Roman law and became a "municipium". Verona grew rapidly in size. Splendid palazzos were built, and the city was soon nicknamed "Little Rome".

It was crossed by major Roman roads: the Augustean Way (for Modena, Trent and Germany), the Gallic Way (for Turin and Aquileia) and the Postumian Way (for Ligury and Illyria). Trade was intense, but ultimately ended with the great Barbarian invasions. Theodoric, the King of the Ostrogoths, chose Verona as his home and the seat of his government. The Lombards and Franks also seized the city. In 888, Berengarius I, King of Italy, moved to Veronaon the banks of the Adige River and reigned there until 924. Afterwards, the city passed into the hands of King Otto I of Bavaria. In the 12th century, Verona became a city-state run by consuls. It was with the Della Scala family in the second half of the 13th century, however, that Verona flourished.

The city grew in size and was beautified with many magnificent palazzos. Towards the end of the 14th century, Verona fell into the hands of the Visconti dynasty of Milan. At the beginning of the 15th century, the Carrara family of Padua ruled over the city. Verona was then conquered by Venice, which ruled until 1797. During that time, Verona became a lively artistic and cultural center. In the 16th century architect Michele Sanmicheli designed the urban layout and military and civilian organization, which influenced the development of the city for over three centuries. In particular, urban renewal projects commenced in the area around the Arena, which consequently became the new heart of city life.

The Austrians arrived with the Congress of Vienna (1815) and turned Verona into a fortified city and military base: with Peschiera del Garda, Mantua and Legnago, Verona was the most important stronghold of the "Quadrilateral". After the Third War of Independence (1866), the entire Veneto region and Verona were annexed to the Kingdom of Italy.

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Q: What was Verona like in the 16th Century?
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