If the amount cannot be agreed upon in a negotiations between the insuror and the beneficiaries then it usually winds up going to trial in civil court where the amount will be determined by a judge (in the case of a bench hearing) or by jury (in the case of a trial).
Your spouse may have rights if the children were legally adopted by her/him. Generally, if there was no legal adoption they wouldn't be entitled to any award or settlement. You should consult with an attorney.
if you have a civil wrongful death suit before you are married can your new spouse be held responsible
That would probably depend upon the laws of the state you are in.
Depends. In the few states which recognize gay marriage - where you are legally your deceased spouse's next-of-kin - yes. Elsewhere, you would have to be Executor of the deceased's estate to bring a wrongful death claim.
Depends on the situation. Is there any adultry, abuse or have you moved out of the home or your spouse?
YES
Yes, a spouse may be entitled to a part of a personal injury settlement in a divorce. This depends on the laws in your state and how long you have been married.
No. Because it is the persons case based on their work history
It depends on the specific terms of the property settlement and any subsequent agreements or court orders. Generally, if the settlement specified that the divorced spouse relinquishes any claim to the ex-husband's property after his death, they would not be able to claim it. However, if the settlement did not address this issue or if there were changes made to the agreement afterwards, it is possible that the divorced spouse could still claim the property.
yes
Yes, a spouse can refuse to contribute financially and still get half in a settlement depending on a couple of factors. The first is how long you have been married and the second is what state you reside in.
You would need to check the laws of intestacy in your state at the related question link below.