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The diffrence in arrival times of P and S waves.
The distance to the epicenter
They measure the difference in arrival times of P and S seismic waves as measured on a seismograph. From this (based on an estimate of their relative velocities) they can calculate the distance of the seismometer from the earthquakes epicentre using the following equation:Distance to epicentre (km) = Time Difference (s) x (VP - VS) / (VS x VP)Where:VP = P-wave velocity (km/s)VS = S-wave velocity (km/s)
Given the difference in arrival times, you can determine the distance from the epicenter.
It starts from the center, I'm pretty sure, and then moves out from there. BORDERLANDS 2 ALL THE WAY!
Using the difference in their arrival times and an estimate of their velocity of propagation you can calculate the distance of the earthquake epicentre from the seismometer recording station. If you do this from three or more different seismometer stations you can triangulate it's position. For more information please see the related question.
This value is related to the distance of the seismometer station from the earthquake's epicentre. The larger the difference in arrival times, the greater the distance.
In one process ( Start time (of the second) - Finish time (of the first) ) - Arrival time If the process is not broken up into different arrival times, then ignore and stick to starting time - arrival time
Your standing on it! P-waves travel faster than S-waves through the Earth. As such the further away a seismometer station is from the epicentre of an Earthquake, the larger the difference between arrival times will be. By the same logic this means that the closer you get to the epicentre, the smaller the difference in arrival time will be until your at the epicentre when the difference will be zero!
The difference between the arrival times increases as the distance from an earthquake epicentre increases as S-waves travel more slowly than P-waves so the greater the distance the further they lag behind.
Put your two times in separate cells and subtract the cells to determine the difference between the two times. You can format the times and the answer to display in a variety of time formats.
The difference in arrival times of P and S waves.