Answer:
Firstly you have to separate them. Once you have done this you can test their properties (e.g. sour taste=acid, soapy taste=base) to determine what they are.
Depending on what they are and what facilities you have available, you can dissolve them both in in water and distill the mixture.
You can also put them through a fine sieve if one has larger particles than the other or try using a magnet if one is a powdered metal this will extract it.
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Also in a chemistry/physics/mineralogy laboratory you can use different types of microscopes, X-ray diffractometry, chemical analysis methods, refractometry, densitometry, and many other procedures.