Answer:
You use the ^ operator for power of. So to do 10 to the power of 2 you would type:
=10^2
By putting values in cells, you can then use the formula and replace the values in it with the cell references of the values you want. You could put the regular numbers in a column and the powers in a row across the top
So in A2 you could have 1, in A3 you can have 2, A4 will have 3 and so on. Then in B1 you'd have 0, in C1 you'd have 1, in D1 you'd have 2 and so on. Then, in cell B2 put the following formula:
=$A2^B$1
That takes the 1 that is in A2 to the power of the 0 in B1 and gives the result 1. Then copy that formula down along column B and across the various rows. By putting in the $ symbols as shown, it will always take a value from the first column and set it to the power of a value in the first row.