How did NASA help invent computers?

Answer

NASA is not concerned with invention of computers. It is an organisation which is world No:1 in Space and Aeronautics Research & Exploration.

That is true as far as it goes. However, the Apollo program needed a computer that could be used on the Lunar Excursion Module for calculating orbital trajectories. The delay involved in having computers on Earth do the calculations was considered too great, and there was a chance that the LEM would be behind the Moon when the calculations were needed. A programable computer, with a few kilobits of memory, which did not require a lot of battery power was required. As a result, the first microprocesser was created, which is a computer on a chip. That means that all of the components needed for the computer to operate where on a single wafer of silicon. This created a revolution in computing, which resulted in desktop computers becoming possible. Without the demand for a small, low power computer, the microprocesser would probably never have been created, and desktop computers, or 'personal' computers, as they were known, would never have come into existance.

Answer

In this and in many other contexts it is advised to "never say (write) never" with rare exceptions. There are natural trends in the evolution of technology. Relays replaced mechanical components of early computers and were successively replaced by new waves of radically different technology such as vacuum tubes and then transistors. The next level of miniaturization was the inevitable consequence of "modernity", much as Moore's Law is an inevitable consequence of the dynamics of the highly competitive and thus innovative semiconductor industry.

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