Europe at the time of Cubism was a melting-pot of ideologies and many cubist painters were either strongly affiliated with anarcho-syndicalism or fierce nationalists. But that did not transpire in their paintings, usually a lot more concerned with experimentalism than with conveying a message (there wasn't even a public to speak of for such art), nor did it influence the scope of their activities.
The outbreak of the First World War brought Cubism (and Futurism) to an end. That could be considered a result of political division within it's ranks, but it's hardly the cause.