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Porter's Five Forces Model simply outlines the five most important factors taking place and shaping an industry in order to determine it's attractiveness for new entrants, or as a means to shape strategy for competitors within the industry. They are:

Bargaining Power of Buyers. Example - Few buyers means they may have more say over final product pricing.

Bargaining Power of Supplier. Ex - Many suppliers of the same product in a region (Steel, for example) would typically mean firms enjoy lower purchase prices on these inputs.

Threat of Substitutes. Ex - If you make a grain based cereal, you are pitting it against not only other grain based cereals, but other grain based, or "healthy" style breakfasts. The Threat of substitutes is high.

Threat of New Entrants. Ex - Is it easy for competitors to enter your industry because of: low startup costs, few existing competitors in a large market, easy to understand/use product? OR, is it a challenge because of the difficult nature of the business (example: diamond exploration, which is both difficult and cost prohibitive)

Intensity of Competition. Ex - Are there a lot of players a in small market (Intense) or very few players in a large market (Not intense).

Those are Porter's Five Forces. Simply ask the questions of the industry you are examining.

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Q: How do you apply Porter's five forces to an industry?
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