When a huge star dies it's core becomes so dense it's own gravity starts to crush and collapse inwards the heart of a black hole is called the (Singularity)
No, all a black dwarf is is a white dwarf that has burned out it's energy, it's mostly carbon and oxygen and nitrogen. The reason a star becomes a black hole is that there is enough mass to nova AND...
A black hole is called that because when viewing it with the naked eye (visible light spectrum), the phenomenon appears to be a 2-D "hole" in space (or spacetime.) An actual Black Hole is much more...
The Sun of this solar system should not become a black hole as it is too small. Only much larger stars are likely to become black holes. The Sun will more likely expand into a red giant.