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- (The following answer is for simple faxing to (TX) the rcv mode of fax machines (RX), and does not take into account other receive modes or devices. It also assumes ideal sending and receiving circumstances.)
- They use a scanner that shines light on your original document, and then converts what it sees on the page into digital information.. Then it dials the number of the fax machine you want to connect to. At the end of dialing it starts to send a beep that is called the Carrier Negotiating Guard Tone (CNG tone).. When the receiving fax machine answers it puts out a screech, which is information being sent to the sending machine.. At the same time, the CNG tone lets the receiving machine know that a sending fax is present.
- Then the process of handshaking begins.. The receiving fax broadcasts information about its fastest connection speed. The sending machine disagrees or agrees with that speed. If it agrees sending begins, if not the receiving machine keeps stepping down in speed until the sending machine says ok.
- Then the machines enter the indentification stage where they pass preprogrammed information to each other about the identity of the sender and receiver. The sender's identification appears as a "logo" on the top portion of the received document. Then the digital information that was scanned at the beginning is sent to the receiving machine. The machine then converts that information to lines or "pels" that print on the page (I won't go into the various forms of printing, but..) Depending on your print method, print can either be 1:1 or exactly as you transmitted it, or it might shrink a little in order to accommodate fitting the logo and all of the information of your original page on a single page. In between each page machines generate a "EOP" or End of Page signal. At the end of the fax, there will also be a "EOL" or End of Line signal, which means the fax is done. The sending fax may then generate a receipt at the end of the fax that confirms that the fax has been received.
- I am skipping some minor steps and alternative possibilities in this process because its just monotonous and I don't remember all of the abbreviations. BUT the basic skeleton of what happens in the sending and receiving of a fax under ideal conditions is there..