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They breakdown the food to its simplest form then place it in a metal cup which is in a water box. After they place the cup in the water they take the temperature of the water (Tinitial). When they have the temperature of the water they ignite the food and check the temperature after the fire(Tfinal). Then they use the equation

q=Masswater x specific heatwaterx ΔTwater

(q=Heat in calories or joules) (T=temperature) (ΔTwater=Tfinal-Tinitial) (spefic heat of water= 4.18 J/g °C) (Masswater= Mass of water in box - mass of box w/o water)

(joules to calore conversion 1 calorie=4.184 Joules)

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Q: How do scientists determine how many calories a food has?
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