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It doesn't depend on the camera body, it depends on the size of the lens. DON'T confused size of lens for focal length. If you can't find the specs for your lens, just measure it.
Yes
It depends if the camcorder has the physical settings to attach the lens.
You need to buy an adaptor. Make sure you specify exactly the type of lens and exactly the camera you want to attach it to. Don't forget that there will be a large increase in magnification, i.e. your 35mm lens will give more telephoto effect on a 16mm camera. It is unlikely that the automatic functions (aperture, focus) of the lens will be carried into the 16mm camera.
52mm thread is the size of the filter or lens hood (sun shade) that screws into the front of the lens. 52 mm was a fairly common size, on Nikons especially, but nowadays, with large diameter zoom lenses, the filter sizes tend to be 67mm or bigger.
No, this is a point & shoot camera and there is no lens mount. The lens is fixed on the camera and cannot be removed.
All filters are threaded to screw onto the inside threads of the outside rim of a lens. Virtually all lenses, especially those for a digital camera such as yours, will accept a screw on filter at their 'outer' rim (away from the camera). Be sure the filter you have is the same diameter as the lens - they come in varying sizes, according to the type of lens.
You can't. The lens on a Canon SD950 is integral to the camera body. Trying to remove it will ruin both the camera and the lens.
The focusing lens of the camera
A camera lens.
bioconvex lens
Basically most video cameras are fixed lens so you cannot put a camera lens in it unless it is specially built.