How do you work out the solubility?

Answer 1

The solubility is usually an experimentally determined value. To measure it, the simplest way is to add a little more of a substance than will actually dissolve in a known volume of the liquid in question (make a saturated solution with some solid still undissolved). You would then measure how much is dissolved in solution. How you measure that depends a little on the compound itself. If the compound absorbs light and the absorption spectrum is known, you can determine the concentration with UV/Visible absorption spectroscopy. This is by far the easiest method, although it does require specialized instrumentation. If the absorption spectrum is not known, you can measure the spectrum yourself of a known concentration of the dissolved compound and then use Beer's Law to determine the concentration of the saturated solution. If you don't have access to an absorption spectrometer, there are other ways to measure it also, but not as precisely (or easily). You could slowly keep adding compound to the liquid, adding bit by bit and waiting each time for what you just added to dissolve completely (which may take some time). Then you keep adding until what you just added won't dissolve. The amount you can dissolve is then how much you added in total before the last addition. This requires time because (a) you have to add very small amounts of compound each time to make it precise and (b) you have to wait a while (minutes-hours) each time you add more because some compounds, while very soluble, dissolve very slowly. How long it takes will depend on how accurate you need to be and the properties of the compound. A final option, but the least attractive, would be to make a saturated solution by adding more solid than will dissolve (again, stirring and waiting to be sure everything that can dissolve has dissolved). Then decant the solution (leaving behind ALL the solid in the container) and pour a carefully measured volume of the saturated solution (with NO solid) into a new container. Then let the solution evaporate or gently boil it off (if your compound is not heat sensitive). Once all the liquid is gone, and your sample is COMPLETELY dry, weigh the remaining solid. From the weight you know how much solid you had dissolved, and since you know the volume of the liquid that was evaporated, you just divide the two to get the amount dissolved per volume of liquid. Solubility can be listed as either a concentration (moles/L or g/L) or as a solubility product, Ksp. Also, the solubility of many many compounds are known and are listed in tables (search CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics).

Answer 2

Polarsolute can be dissolved can be dissolved in polar solvents.

Non-polar solutes can be dissolved in non-polar solvents

However, it is difficult to mix polar and non-polar solvents together.

Salt is easily mixable in water but mixing oil and water is very hard.

Answer 3

to Work out solubility you take the mass of the given substance than divide by its molar mass to give the mole of the substance. then divide that mole by the volume of the solution (in liters) to give an answer in mol/L

Answer 4

The solubility of many substances exist in tables of data; if not exist made yourself the determination.
This involve to measure the amount of the dissolved solute at constant temperature in a known volume of solvent.

Answer 5

It's usually calculated in gms/ml. That is, how many grams will dissolve in how many mls.

Answer 6

Solubility is determined experimentally.

Answer 7

Solubility is determined by experiments.

Answer 8

Solubility is determined experimentally.