Check the manual, but chances are your water heater is pure 240V. If so it would only use the two hot wires (Red and Black) and a ground wire. (Green covered or bare wire.) Simply put a wire nut on the white neutral wire to keep it safe and insulated from all the other wires. Without being able to see the heater, or knowing exactly what make and model number it is, there is no way for anyone else - not even a licensed electrician - to be able to say if the above advice is right for your heater!
So you must either read the User's Guide or, better still, ask a licensed electrician for his advice when he can actually see the heater and can check if your present house wiring is suitable for it.
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As always, if you are in doubt about what to do, the best advice anyone should give you is to call a licensed electrician to advise what work is needed.
Before you do any work yourself,
on electrical circuits, equipment or appliances,
always use a test meter to ensure the circuit is, in fact, de-energized.
IF YOU ARE NOT ALREADY SURE YOU CAN DO THIS JOB
SAFELY AND COMPETENTLY
REFER THIS WORK TO QUALIFIED PROFESSIONALS.
Hire a qualified electrician to do it for you - it is much safer. In the UK it would be illegal to do this yourself if you were not certified as an electrician - Thus if you do it yourself and end up electrocuting someone, you would face criminal charges.
If you have to ask this question on here, I'd strongly recommend you leave this task to a professional. It IS a life-and-death matter, and you're liable to be turned into a crispy critter real quick if you get it wrong.
The following answer is for the construction of 120 volt extension cords. It is the same constrution for 220 volt cords except that you would use 220 volt pin configuration ends for the cord. The wire will still be the same colours and size because extension cord cable is rated up to 300 volts.
Extension cord construction
If you are constructing an extension cord make sure that the ends go on the right end of the cable. Match the wire end when looking at it, to the proper pin configuration of the plug. Looking at the plug from the blade side directly on you should see a larger blade (silver) on the right, smaller (brass) blade on the left and a U shaped ground blade on the bottom. The white wire connects under the right (silver) coloured screw, the black wire connects under the left (brass) coloured screw and the green wire under the green ground screw. Looking at the end of the cable it should be matched to this configuration. If it doesn't look at the other end of the cable. No wires should cross when connecting to the blades on the plug, if they do you have the wrong end of the cable.
There is no such thing as a 220 volt amp circuit. It has to be either 220 volt circuit or a 220 amp circuit. In North America a 220 volt circuit incorporates two adjacent breakers in the distribution panel. The 220 volt load is connected across the two pole breaker with the appropriate size wire depending on what the amperage of the load draws.
A 220 amp circuit is again governed by the amperage of the load. The feeders have to be at least 3/0 copper conductors, with a 90 degree C insulation factor, connected to the breaker
When you talk about a 220 volt wire and 110 volt wire, the reference is to the insulation factor of the wire. The amount of amperage that the wire has a capacity to carry is independent to the amount of voltage that can be imposed on the wire. When you see wire with ratings of 300 volts, 600 volts and 1000 volts, these are the highest allowable voltages that can be impressed without going over the manufacturers recommendation of allowable voltages. A wire that is rated for 300 volts indicates that the wire is rated for 120 volts or 240 volts or 277 volts. At test research facilities, equipment is tested to destruction. The maximum voltage rating, that is given to the wire as a result of these tests, is the highest safest voltages that can be applied to that particular type of insulation material. So if you hear an electrician say a wire is good for 110 or 220 volts, what is meant is that the same wire can be used for either 110 or 220 volts. To answer the question, you don't need to change a 220 volt wire to a 110 volt wire because it is good for both voltages.
6 AWG
The wattage of the water tank is needed to size the breaker and the wire to feed the tank.
With thick wires that have excellent insulation.
If it's a 220 volt circuit without a neutral bring wire into panel, put ground wire on ground bar, put load wires onto breaker.
Yes 220 & 240 are considered the same.
Sounds like it is a 220-240 Volt hot water heater. The black and red are connected to the 220 volts supply and the white is connected to Neutral. At the breaker panel red and black connect to the 2-pole 220 volt breaker and white goes to the neutral bus bar.
When you talk about a 220 volt wire and 110 volt wire, the reference is to the insulation factor of the wire. The amount of amperage that the wire has a capacity to carry is independent to the amount of voltage that can be imposed on the wire. When you see wire with ratings of 300 volts, 600 volts and 1000 volts, these are the highest allowable voltages that can be impressed without going over the manufacturers recommendation of allowable voltages. A wire that is rated for 300 volts indicates that the wire is rated for 120 volts or 240 volts or 277 volts. At test research facilities, equipment is tested to destruction. The maximum voltage rating, that is given to the wire as a result of these tests, is the highest safest voltages that can be applied to that particular type of insulation material. So if you hear an electrician say a wire is good for 110 or 220 volts, what is meant is that the same wire can be used for either 110 or 220 volts. To answer the question, you don't need to change a 220 volt wire to a 110 volt wire because it is good for both voltages.
Depending on the configuration of the cord cap, the green wire is ground, the white wire is the neutral and red and black wires are the 220 volt source.
A standard domestic water heater in a house, apartment, etc will need 220 Volts AC. They have two heating elements upper and lower and each is 110 VAC hence the 220 Volt supply. Make sure it has a dedicated circuit and a disconnect on the wall above and beside water heater.
# 3 gauge
6 AWG
The wattage of the water tank is needed to size the breaker and the wire to feed the tank.
What do you mean by hot water system? If you mean hot water tank than a three wire hot water tank means that its 220 volt electric. If you have to ask than don't touch it
With thick wires that have excellent insulation.
If it's a 220 volt circuit without a neutral bring wire into panel, put ground wire on ground bar, put load wires onto breaker.
Wire is wire - is doesn't matter what voltage you use. However, if you are changing the voltage on a device from 240 to 120, given the same power requirement, you may need bigger wires for the doubled current (and increased heat of resistivity).