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How do you construct a simple lithium ion battery?

Updated: 8/18/2019
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14y ago

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You asked so I'll tell you: there is no way to construct a simple lithium ion battery.

A lithium ion battery has a lithium cobalt oxide anode and a carbon cathode. The electrolyte is usually ether. There's a sheet of microperforated plastic in it that serves as a separator.

So far that doesn't seem very hard to do, right? Here's your problem: the electrolyte. Ether is both extremely volatile and extremely flammable, which is why it's used to start diesel engines in cold weather. There is a computer in a lithium ion battery pack to keep the battery from overheating (which would make it more likely to ignite), and the plastic between the two poles helps prevent short circuits.

If this is for a science project, make an acid-electrolyte battery. I would use acetic acid in it. There are two good sources of strong acetic acid: camera stores with darkroom departments (you can get either 28 percent acid or "glacial"--full-strength; if you have the choice get the glacial because you'll get more electron flow through it) or Oriental food stores who sell "vinegar concentrate" from Germany. I think you need really strong vinegar to make some Oriental dishes; whatever the reason, they all have it. Then get lots of different metals to use as plates in the battery.

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