Rates of radiometric decay, also by looking at the most distant detectable objects (galaxies about 14 billion light-years away).
1 light-year = the distance light travels in one year. If an object is 14 billion light-years away the universe must be at least 14 billion years old for the light to get to earth.
Oh, also by estimating the amount of hydrogen that has been converted by stars into other heavier elements, etc.