You won't. This information is not public record and is never released. Unless you are conducting criminal activity in which they might be interested you have nothing to worry about.
Yes they can. All cell phone providers ensure that all Base Stations are 'enabled' to allow the Police/Inst Security Depts to listen in, and that too without any appreciable drop in quality of the...
Not directly - but whomever is paying for your cell service has access to see all of the incoming and outgoing phone numbers listed by date, time, and duration of call.