Answer:
Windows:
Without minimizing what you want to capture, press the key "Print Screen" on your keyboard (typically it's near the Pause and Scroll Lock keys). Then go to any graphic editor - such as MS Paint - and paste the image (Ctrl + V) into the editor. You have now the image of the whole screen. Use File / Save to save it to a file - save it as a .jpg.
To restrict to the active window only, press Alt + Print Screen.
Apple Macintosh:
Hold down the Shift and Command keys, then press number 3. (The Command key has the Apple picture on it.)
To capture only part of the screen, hold down Shift & Command, then press number 4. The cursor will change to a cross. If you drag from top-left to bottom-right of what you want to capture, you will hear a camera-click when you release the mouse button.
The captured .png shot will appear on the desktop as Picture 1, Picture 2, etc. This will open in Preview or any other graphics program.
There are also other freeware or shareware tools specialized for this task.
(More information available on the subject of screenshots on the blog to be found in the Related Link below.