Answer:
A barcode reader works by directing a laser across the bar code and measuring the amount of light that is reflected back to its photosensors.
A scanner, imager or reader will act just like any other input device for your computer. When the cursor is in the field on any application or form that you will be using and an item is scanned, the data will enter the field exactly as if someone was typing the data into the field. There is no additional software that is needed to load for this to work. The only set up may be required would be to initialize the scanner by scanning the corresponding barcodes that are in the user manual.
In a store each barcode represents a certain item that is for sale. The scanner knows which barcode is which, so it can read the item for the price or other features of the item.