How are biochemical similarities used by scientists to provide evidence for evolution?

Answer 1

In essence, the biochemical evidence for common descent is simply a specific set of examples of the same principle that all biological evidence for common descent adheres to: nested hierarchies. The same nested hierarchies that demonstrate common ancestry in comparative genomics, comparative morphology and developmental Biology, also demonstrate common ancestry in our metabolic pathways and other chemical molecules and processes in our cells.

Answer 2

Endogenous retroviral insertions (ERVs) are considered critical evidence for common ancestry.

Another piece of evidence is mitochondrial DNA. Mitochondria are organelles within cells with their own DNA. We have genetically engineered cows with rabbit mtDNA, proving the source of mtDNA is largely irrelevant to the functioning of the creature possessing it. The fact mtDNA similarities beautifully fit the nested hierarchy indicating common ancestry is further evidence of the accuracy of Darwin's theory of evolution.

Yet more evidence from molecular biology concerns the number of chromosomes humans and other primates have. Humans have 23 pairs, whereas other catarrhines (primates more closely related to us) have 24 pairs. At first glance this might seem like evidence against common ancestry, except for the fact we have identified the pair of monkey chromosomes that fused to reduce the normal number found in humans.

Another piece of molecular evidence is the GULO gene. L-gulonolactone oxidase is a gene that in most mammals expresses a protein that essentially synthesizes ascorbic acid. In humans this gene is non functioning, and it is non functioning in the same manner in most old world monkeys. Common ancestry explains this defect quite simply. No other theory accounts for it.
The number of chromosomes that the primates and humans have are the advances in molecular Biology provided the evidence for evolution.

Answer 3

The biochemistry in cells is the same for many difference species. This is evidence of a common ancestor between these species. Also, differences in biochemistries can show where certain domains of life separated in the tree of life.

Answer 4

One example is the electron shuttle cytochrome C in the electron transport chain. This large biological construction is highly conserved among many species that are quite distant in morphological relationships but still use these same electron shuttles in their ETC, which is highly suggestive of shared common ancestry.

Answer 5

biochemical evidence is i dont khown

Answer 6

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