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Natural selection changes the genetic makeup of a population by favoring some genotypes over others. It does so through the differential reproduction of those genotypes. Put simply, if I possess a variant of a trait (and the genotype underlying it) which allows me to leave behind more adult offspring than those with different variants of that trait, then my variant will become more common in the population than the others. The result is a change in the frequency of the gene variants: mine increases in frequency at the expense of the others. This change in the frequency of gene variants (known as alleles) over time in a population is the basic definition of evolution itself.
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Judy- Directional selection: favors the phenotype at one extreme of a trait's range, selecting against the opposite extreme.
- Stabilizing selection: favors the intermediate phenotype, selecting against the phenotypes at both extremes of the trait's range.
- Disruptive selection: favors phenotypes at both extremes, selecting against the intermediate phenotype of the trait's range.
The three ways that natural selection can affect the distributions of a phenotype are that organisms and their offspring have a variation in their phenotypes and genotypes, favorable variations survive and are passed on to offspring, and, organisms reproduce more offspring than could possibly survive.
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How do disruptive selection and directional selection differ in their impact on the evolution of a population?
Disruptive selection and directional selection are two types of natural selection that impact the evolution of a population in different ways. Disruptive selection favors extreme traits at both ends of the spectrum, leading to the divergence of a population into two distinct groups. On the other hand, directional selection favors one extreme trait, causing the population to shift towards that trait over time. In summary, disruptive selection promotes diversity within a population, while directional selection drives the population towards a specific trait.
What is three ways in which micro-evolution can take place?
Micro-evolution can occur through natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow. Natural selection involves the differential survival and reproduction of individuals with certain advantageous traits. Genetic drift refers to random changes in allele frequencies in a population due to chance events. Gene flow involves the movement of genes between populations through migration, influencing the genetic diversity of each population.
Why are there different ways for evolution to occur?
Different ways for evolution to occur exist due to various mechanisms such as natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow, and mutation. These mechanisms can act independently or in combination to drive changes in populations over time. Additionally, environmental factors play a significant role in determining which mechanisms are most prominent in a particular population or species.
How do humans affect the biosphere?
Humans affect the biosphere in numerous ways. One of the most common ways in which humans impact the biosphere is by their extraction of Natural Resources. Growth and expansion is another way in which humans affect the biosphere.
How can you use the word speciation in a sentence?
Speciation is the process by which new species evolve from existing ones due to factors like geographic isolation or natural selection.
