How has the introduction of the smallmouth bass affected the freshwater ecosystem?

Answer 1

Water quality, food availability, and the presence or absence of competing species are among the most important variables that dictate the degree to which a freshwater environment qualifies as suitable habitat for smallmouth bass. Hypothetically, the ideal habitat for these fish would boast a rich and plentiful supply of forage; ample locations that offer the space, safety, and geologic elements necessary to carry out a successful spawning period; clear to lightly-stained water that allows the smallmouth bass to maximize its vision as an advantage in hunting prey; relatively cool water temperatures that promote sufficient levels of dissolved oxygen; and the virtual absence of competing fish populations that require similar conditions for their own species to survive. Of course, a natural freshwaterecosystem that meets all of these criteria is extremely rare. Therefore, while the smallmouth bass would surely flourish under these conditions, its lifestyle has been adapted for general success in a variety of less-than-optimum habitats. In reality, the smallmouth bass must make the most out of the resources at its disposal. Those lakes, rivers, and reservoirs that offer the best overall combination of the aforementioned criteria, all within a relatively close range to each other, are most likely to have smallmouth bass inhabiting them. Generally, smallmouth bass are not present in habitats that require them to travel long distances to find and utilize resources, even if all of them are present. If a competing species, such as walleye or largemouth bass, has exercised dominance over the best areas to feed or spawn, the smallmouth often has no choice but to settle for the next-best options. In this way, and contrary to popular belief, smallmouth habitat is defined less by preference than one might assume.