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How perfumes are made
Perfumes were originally extracted from plants and animals and placed in a base which could be applied to the skin. The material could be used directly (as frankincense and myrrh) or extracted in some way. Many of the compounds used in perfumery are hydrophobic and must be extracted with organic solvents. Other materials known as fixatives retard and modify the evaporation of volatile essential oils.
There are five types: concretes, absolutes, distilled and fractionally distilled oils, expressed oils and tinctures.
Many factors determine which method is used. Among these are cost, quality of essence, and use of the product.
The basic ingredients are odorants: 1. concretes - first extraction with hydrocarbon solvent
2. absolutes - produced by extracting concrete with alcohol; waxes and glycerides are left behind, alcohol is evaporated, most perfumes are mixtures of absolutes .
3. distilled and fractionally distilled oils - involves steam extraction and fractionation. Oils are skimmed off condensed water, is inexpensive and rapid but destroys some fragrances.
4. expressing oils - oils are pressed out of tissue - citrus rinds
5. tinctures - substances are heated in alcohol, used mainly for animal substances
Wiki User
∙ 15y ago
Wiki User
∙ 13y agoProcedure:
1) Find a empty bottle (size of desired)
2) Empty in a small amount of scented lotion, hand sanitizer, old perfume, etc.
3) add water NOTE* the more water you add, the more faint the smell will be
4) mix/shake well
5) spray/drop liquid onto wrists.
6) rub writs to gether, then rub on neck
ENJOY A FRESH NEW SCENT!
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