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simply: Wave summation occurs when a second stimulus is applied before relaxation occurs completely.
In depth: In order for a muscle to contract electrical shock or nerve impulse must cause voltage-sensitive tubule proteins (T-tubules) of sarcoplasmic reticulum to change shape and allow Ca2+ into cytosol. Ca2+ binds to troponin (changing its shape) allowing myosin (makes thick filaments) to attach to actin ( makes thin filaments). Myosin pulls itself along actin via ATP hydrolysis, this is called a cross bridge cycle, basically shortening of muscle. Before the contraction stops, another stimulus is sent to the muscle allowing more Ca2+ into the cytosol which keeps allowing cross bridge cycle. wave summation means the contractions are added together. thus increasing the force of the second stimuli. force will increase until the muscle reaches its threshold.
Wiki User
∙ 14y ago
Wiki User
∙ 13y agoby summation of graded muscle twitchs
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What is the primary function of wave summation?
produce smooth, continuous muscle contraction
When the frequency of stimulation of a muscle is great enough?
wave summation results and muscle twitches overlap.
What is the difference between wave summation and recruitment?
Wave summation releases more calcium and increases the force of contraction by increasing the firing rate of motor neurons (The second contraction takes place before the first is completely at rest) so each stimulation adds up. This is all within ONE MUSCLE FIBER. Recruitment is the calling up multiple MOTOR UNITS, in order to increase the force of contraction. t has a size principle (those with small diameters, the more delicate ones are called first, then the larger and so on.) There is no added calcium ions as in wave summation. They usually occur together. wave summation can cause tetanus, while recruitment cannot.
What happens to the strength of contraction during wave summation?
It increases about to about four times greater than a normal contraction for skeletal muscle.
Why is a summation greater than an integral?
It's not. It depends on the method you use for summation whether summation > integral or integral > summation.
What Technique of protecting beaches from wave erosion?
Generally achieved by the building of periodic breakwaters along the shore, which baffles the wave action and reduces the effects of wave erosion.
What wave summation results in stronger contractions at the same stimulus strength because the muscle doesn't have time to completely what between successive stimuli?
Relax
Some muscle fibers always contracted?
Summation and/or tetanic contraction. Summation is increased muscle contraction until maximal sustained contraction is achieved. Tetanic contraction is sustained muscle contraction without relaxation. If you're inquiring for the Learning Objective Review in an anatomy and physiology course, the question refers to a condition in which some fibers are always contracted... so I'm not sure if they're looking for summation or tetanic contraction - but I think it would be tetanic contraction as summation is more the process leading up to the tetanic contraction...
What does vivo mean?
Vivo en ... = I live in ...
What does En Vivo?
Vivo en ... = I live in ...
Other words for addition in maths?
Sum or summation
What is process of summation?
A summation is a recap of all the highlights of a presentation.
