In order to take you into custody they must charge you with an offense at the time of your booking. That being said... thee PROSECUTOR may change the arrest charge at any time up until you are presented to the court for your arraignment.
They will probably charge you with resisting arrest or assaulting police to justify beating you.
in a crime
It is not necessary to have an arrest to conclude that a crime has taken place. Sometimes the police simply do not know who to arrest. Some crimes remain unsolved. But they are still crimes.
A police officer must have probable cause in order to arrest someone. They can arrest a person if they see a crime taking place or if an arrest warrant has been issued.
A person is "under arrest" when a police officer charges them with a crime and chooses to take them to the police station to be processed for it. For example, if someone commits a crime, they are technically under arrest when a police officer witnesses the crime or has a warrant for the arrest and tells the criminal "You are under arrest." Typical procedure after this is to put handcuffs on the criminal and read them their Miranda rights (you have the right to remain silent etc). Handcuffs alone do not mean arrest, but i'm pretty sure its illegal for a police officer to handcuff someone without grounds to arrest them. As a side note, the person doing the arrest does not have to be a sworn in police officer. In Citizen's arrest cases, anyone with arresting powers like a bounty hunter can also place someone under arrest.
police officers have a criteria on this. On the other hand,for an officer of the law, it would be unethical not to arrest someone he has seen comiting a crime.
Anything they find from you regarding a crime.
Because the police have enough evidence to charge him with a crime.
A person can be apprehended (usually by the police) if he suspect of being guilty of an arrestable offence. The way to apprehend a person is to arrest him. Arrest can also be ordered by the court though warrants. We can use "arrest" in any case since "apprehend" is too formal.
"Probable Cause"
No, they cannot. In order for a citizen to enact a citizens arrest, most have to have witnessed you committing a felony crime. Then the citizen is the one who fills out all the paperwork and essentially is your arresting officer. In order for a Police Officer to arrest you, they must have reasonable suspicion that you've committed a crime.
No. And them saying they will is an illegal debt collection practice. What they can do is file a complaint with the police, and if the police believe you committed a crime the police can either do a probable cause arrest or ask a judge to sign an arrest warrant. The company does not get arrest warrants.