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All exploration of Venus to date has been by unmanned space probes.

Mariner 2 was the first NASA probe to flyby Venus in 1962, followed by Mariner 5 in 1967 and Mariner 10 in 1973 . There were many Soviet missions to the planet in the 1970s and 1980s, some of which landed probes there.

Pioneer Venus 1 orbited the planet from 1978 to 1992, mapping the surface, while Pioneer Venus 2, also launched in 1978, sent four probes into the atmosphere.

The Magellan mission (1989-1994) mapped and studied the surface from orbit.

The MESSENGER mission to Mercury (2004-2012) made two fly-bys of Venus, in 2006 and 2007.

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Q: How many NASA mission went to Venus?
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