One mole of anything is approximately 6.022 x 1023 units. So, one mole of Ba would be 6.022 x 1023 atoms. One mole of H would be 6.022 x 1023. And so forth...
Since both barium chloride and barium sulfate contain one mole of barium atoms pert mole of compound, the moles of barium sulfate will be the same, 0.100, when barium has the limiting concentration...
My guess is that barium sulfate is not toxic because it hardly dissolves at all in water and therefore doesnt easily access the bloodstream. (Ksp value: 1.1*10-10)
On the other hand, a lot of barium...