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An equivalence modulo is a relation between elements of a set, where two elements are considered equivalent if they have the same remainder when divided by a fixed number called the modulus. For example, in modulo 5 arithmetic, the equivalence class of 2 would include all numbers that leave a remainder of 2 when divided by 5: {2, 7, 12, 17, ...}. Equivalence modulo is often used in number theory and modular arithmetic.
A structure is a different from a class in the sense that a class can represent data elements as well as their associated functions whereas a structure can represent only data elements,, not their associated functions.
Sounds like the elements to me. yes the elements
An equivalence relation ~ on A partitions into pairwise disjoint subsets called equivalence classes so that 1. Within each class, every pair relates 2. Between classes there is no relation i.e. [x] = {a (element) A | a~x} and given two equivalence classes [a] and [b], either [a] = [b] or [a] intersect [b] = the empty set
.An association of packets that use the same path through a network
Yes, it is perfectly possible. If two methods have a different signature, they can exist together irrespective of where they are present, either in the same class or in a super class, sub class situation. If two methods have the same signature and one exists in the super class and one in the sub class it is called method overriding.
The answer is 1308. The trick is to notice that (12)(9)=108 which differs from 109 by only one. Now just consider the set of equivalence classes in Nmod12. the LCM of 109 and 12 will be apart of the equivalence class 0, so for every integer n between 1 and 12, (n)(109) is apart of the equivalence class n. In conclusion, the LCM must be the product (12)(109).
The class interval is the maximum possible value in the class less the maximum possible value in the class below. The second is equivalent to the minimum possible value in the class.
In science class we learn about elements.
In ordinary mathematics, only 25 can equal 25. There are other answers if you consider equivalence classes, but even that will be a number belonging to the same equivalence class as 25 and with the same properties as 25, but not EQUAL to 25.
In science class we learn about elements.
Metalloids