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In the US and Northern Hemisphere in the 2011-2012 flu season, the H1N1/09 (Swine Flu) vaccine is included in the "regular" seasonal flu vaccination. There is currently (fall 2011) no shortage of this vaccine and no shortage is expected this year. The states are no longer holding and distributing swine flu vaccine and the seasonal flu vaccinations are back to being provided by various private pharmacies and other locations, such as a doctor's office. States are no longer storing H1N1 vaccines.

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Q: How many doses of H1N1 flu vaccine does each state in the US have?
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Publication does the CDC generally use to quickly notify providers of updates to vaccine recommendations?

The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Web site (see links below) is extensive, providing up-to-date information regarding immunization practices. Various e-mail subscriptions are available for free from the CDC, providing a convenient way to stay current.For example, to receive the table of contents of CDC's Morbidity and MortalityWeekly Report (MMWR), those interested can subscribe to a mailing list at the web site in the related links section below.The CDC distributed supplies of the H1N1 vaccine to each state and the state announced the availability to the specific locations and providers who had signed up for vaccine in advance. The state health departments have web sites with links to the specific information about the H1N1 vaccines in their states.


What publication is generally used by the CDC to quickly notify providers of updates to vaccine recommendation?

The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Web site (see links below) is extensive, providing up-to-date information regarding immunization practices. Various e-mail subscriptions are available for free from the CDC, providing a convenient way to stay current.For example, to receive the table of contents of CDC's Morbidity and MortalityWeekly Report (MMWR), those interested can subscribe to a mailing list at the web site in the related links section below.The CDC distributed supplies of the H1N1 vaccine to each state and the state announced the availability to the specific locations and providers who had signed up for vaccine in advance. The state health departments have web sites with links to the specific information about the H1N1 vaccines in their states.


Is there any vaccination against H1N1?

No. Not yet. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) on July 24, 2009: The development of new candidate vaccine viruses by the WHO network is continuing to improve yields (currently 25% to 50 % of the normal yields for seasonal influenza for some manufacturers). WHO will be able to revise its estimate of pandemic vaccine supply once it has the new yield information. Other important information will also be provided by results of ongoing and soon-to be-initiated vaccine clinical trials. These trials will give a better idea of the number of doses required for a person to be immunized, as well as of the quantity on active principle (antigen) needed in each vaccine dose. Manufacturers are expected to have vaccines for use around September. A number of companies are working on the pandemic vaccine production and have different timelines.


Where can a doctor purchase flu vaccine in the Southern US?

Providers who want to get a supply of the A-H1N1/09 Swine Flu vaccine order it from the state department of health in their particular state. Distribution is being made through each of the states and then down to a more local public health distribution level. The contacts for providers within each state are listed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on their web site. See the link below in the related link section for this information on who to contact in each state if you are a provider wanting to access a supply of Swine Flu vaccine for the 2009 Pandemic.Providers interested in getting a supply of seasonal flu vaccine have a different process because the production, supply, and distribution of seasonal flu vaccines are private, not government endeavors. Annually, the pre-booking for supplies of the vaccine by providers will usually occur in January through March. There is may still be a limited supply of the 2009 - 2010 seasonal flu vaccine, however. To procure a supply, providers should contact the distributors or local vendors to find out what is available for sale at this time for the seasonal flu vaccines. See the related link below for information on who to contact for seasonal flu vaccine.


If you get the shot does the shot give you the H1N1 flu?

No. In some cases you are much less likely to.Scenario #1: You get a flu shot for the seasonal flu. If you are exposed to the A-H1N1/09 Swine Flu at any time before or after the seasonal flu shot, you will be no more or less likely to get A-H1N1/09 than if you hadn't had the shot. You will, however, be much less likely to get the seasonal flu after taking the flu shot, and when full immunity is reached in approximately two weeks after the shot, getting the seasonal flu will be unlikely (but not impossible).Scenario #2: You get a shot for the seasonal flu. Each year the seasonal flu vaccine is different because it is made to match the three main types of flu that are expected to be going around in that upcoming flu season. There are more H1N1 influenza viruses than the one that causes the 2009 Pandemic Swine Flu. This year's seasonal flu shot (2009) includes a vaccine for one of the other strains of H1N1. The exact strains in the '09 seasonal flu vaccine are:A/Brisbane/59/2007(H1N1)-like virus;A/Brisbane/10/2007 (H3N2)-like virus;B/Brisbane 60/2008-like antigens.You will be unlikely to get any of the three virus types listed above. You are still likely to get the A-H1N1/09 Pandemic Swine Flu if you are exposed, but no more likely than if you hadn't had the flu shot. You will be no more or less likely to get any of the other strains of H1N1 than before the shot either.Scenario #3: You get a shot for the new A-H1N1/09 Pandemic Swine Flu. You will be unlikely to get that exact strain of flu. You will be no more likely to get any of the other H1N1 viruses than you would if you had not had that shot. If you also get the seasonal flu shot you will be less likely to get the Brisbane/59/07/H1N1 virus. And, you just may be less likely to get some of the other kinds of H1N1, too, since the two shots will give you immunity to two different H1N1 viruses which may help you fight off any others that come along (although they may not help).Bottom line: None of the flu shots will make you more likely to get any kind of flu.Scenario #4: If you get the nasal spray vaccine for the seasonal flu or for A-H1N1/09 swine flu, there is a chance that you could get flu symptoms of one of the seasonal viruses in the vaccine for regular flu or that you could get H1N1/09 from the swine flu nasal spray vaccine, but only if you have a weak immune system from a disease like HIV/AIDS or other severe disorder of the immune system. It would be a very low chance, but possible, since the vaccine is made from weakened virus particles instead of dead virus particles like are in the shots. These weakened viruses in the vaccine will not make a healthy person get the flu. People with compromised immune systems should avoid contact with others who have used the nasal vaccines as well.Pregnant women are advised against taking the H1N1/09 nasal spray vaccines until additional human trials in pregnant women are conducted. They can be around someone else who had the nasal spray vaccine, though, and can also administer it to others as well.You can not use the seasonal flu nasal spray or the H1N1/09 swine flu nasal spray at the same time.


Why isn't there a one time vaccination for the flu shot?

The flu virus mutates enough each year that immunity to last year's strain doesn't mean you will be immune to this year's strain.That's why, each year, they manufacture flu vaccine based on what they think that year's strain will look like. Sometimes they're wrong, and that year's vaccine isn't effective against that year's flu, but this is fairly uncommon.The H1N1 vaccine is tailored specifically to the swine flu outbreak this year, and has been proven to be effective against it.


What is it considered when you list each vaccine separately when a combination vaccine is available?

un-bundling and it is a no no


Why does a child need 4 doses of the pneumococcal vaccine?

The reason why any vaccine needs to be given more than once (excepting the flu vaccine, which changes every year) is that researchers have found the each vaccination will only increase antibody levels by a certain percentage. Repeated "booster" shots increase this antibody production throughout adolescence to attain the optimal level of antibodies considered effective against that disease.


What says the H1N1 vaccine won't cause major health problems for those who get the shots now 5 years down the road?

The A-H1N1/09 vaccine is made the exact same way as seasonal flu shots have been made for decades. Safety monitoring of those vaccines have proven them to be safe with very low adverse effects over a long period of use. There is no reason to expect that by merely using a different strain of virus in the vaccine the long term effects would be any different. That has not been the case when the strains used in the seasonal flu shots are changed each year. The human trials prior to the approval of the H1N1 vaccines proved them as safe and effective as regular seasonal flu shots. The risk of the flu is greater than any risk posed short term or long term by the vaccines to protect against it.


How many doses can be made from 5 grams of a drug if each dose is 25 mg?

200 doses


Is there going to be Mandatory Swine flu vaccine for back to school or to stay in school?

Different countries are making different plans for vaccination programs. In the US, a complete strategy for immunization has not yet been finalized or approved. Although, the CDC is advocating immunization with the seasonal flu vaccine as soon as it is available in the fall.The framework of a voluntary immunization plan for A-H1N1 Virus vaccinations is drafted which calls for prioritization of those to get the initial vaccines since the production of vaccine is hampered somewhat by slower growth of the seed viruses than hoped.From CDC:We do not expect that there will be a shortage of novel H1N1 vaccine, but flu vaccine availability and demand can be unpredictable and there is some possibility that initially, the vaccine will be available in limited quantities.According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) July 29, 2009:With the new H1N1 virus continuing to cause illness, hospitalizations and deaths in the US during the normally flu-free summer months and some uncertainty about what the upcoming flu season might bring, CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices has taken an important step in preparations for a voluntary novel H1N1 vaccination effort to counter a possibly severe upcoming flu season. On July 29, ACIP met to consider who should receive novel H1N1 vaccine when it becomes available.From the World Health Organization July 24, 2009:The development of new candidate vaccine viruses by the WHO network is continuing to improve yields (currently 25% to 50 % of the normal yields for seasonal influenza for some manufacturers). WHO will be able to revise its estimate of pandemic vaccine supply once it has the new yield information. Other important information will also be provided by results of ongoing and soon-to be-initiated vaccine clinical trials. These trials will give a better idea of the number of doses required for a person to be immunized, as well as of the quantity on active principle (antigen) needed in each vaccine dose. Manufacturers are expected to have vaccines for use around September. A number of companies are working on the pandemic vaccine production and have different timelines. The prioritization scheme recommended designates specific goals in selecting groups for early vaccination on a voluntary basis. From the CDC Web site:"The groups recommended to receive the novel H1N1 influenza vaccine include:* Pregnant women * Household contacts and caregivers for children younger than 6 months of age * Healthcare and emergency medical services personnel * All people from 6 months through 24 years of age ** Children from 6 months through 18 years of age ** Young adults 19 through 24 years of age * Persons aged 25 through 64 years who have health conditions associated with higher risk of medical complications from influenza."


What is the recommended dose of chickenpox vaccine?

The doseage changes each year with the seasonal flu vaccines based upon human and laboratory trials to see what doseages are effective against the selected strains of flu that are expected to be predominant during the upcoming flu season. The swine flu vaccine is still (August 2009) being tested to determine this by the drug manufacturers. It is expected that this will be tested and determined for vaccine release very soon.