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Dairy cows eat 2% to 5% of their body weight in dry matter. Translating that into as-fed, dairy cows can eat 75 - 100 lbs of feed per day. Lactating dairy cows typically eat 50% more than a dry dairy cow.

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12y ago
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7y ago

The answer should not be based on how much a cow will eat in one day, but rather how much she should consume per day based on her own energy requirements. That said, it depends on the bovine. Each bovine will have different energy requirements from when they are young to the differences experienced between gestation and lactation.

There are four different ways to show energy: GE (gross energy), DE (digestible energy), ME (metabolizable energy), and NE (net energy). NE, which is what will be used below (as NEm or net energy for maintenance), is the energy requirement left after energy discarded from heat production, feces and urine are eliminated, and left for that needed for respiration, circulation, digestion, etc.

Energy values are based on a megacalorie per kilogram (Mcal/day) intake, and as NEm, and for a 1100 lb cow with a 80 lb calf:

  • Lactation: 16 Mcal/day
  • Dry, bred, mid-pregnancy: 8.5 Mcal/day
  • Dry, bred, late-pregnancy: 11.5 Mcal/day

Energy requirements increase the more a cow weighs. This is based on body size, not body condition. Basically, the bigger the cow, the more energy she needs. On the inverse, the fatter the cow, the less energy she needs.

The next set of energy values (NEm on a Mcal/day) is for growing cattle at a couple different weights.

  • Calf at 550 lb at maintenance: 4.84 Mcal/day; at 2.2 lb per day, an additional 3.21 Mcal/day
  • Calf at 770 lb at maintenance: 6.23 Mcal/day; at 2.2 lb per day, an additional 4.13 Mcal/day
  • Calf at 880 lb at maintenance: 6.89 Mcal/day; at 2.2 lb per day, an additional 4.57 Mcal/day

You will also find that different breeds have different energy requirements. Generally, though, dairy cattle have higher energy requirements than most beef cattle except Simmentals.

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12y ago

One 454 kg cow with or without a calf will consume 11 kg of feed/forage DM (dry matter) ration per day (this is equivalent to what's called the Animal Unit, AU). In context, this means that a cow or a bovine of any size will eat 2.5% of his/her body weight in DM ration per day.

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12y ago

One 1000 lb cow with or without a calf will consume 25 lbs of feed/forage per day in dry matter (DM) ration. This is equivalent to what's called the Animal Unit (AU), since 1 AU = 1 x 1000 lb cow with or without a calf. In context, this means that a cow or a bovine of any size will eat 2.5% of his/her body weight in DM ration per day. Actual or as-fed consumption varies with moisture content of the feed or forage.

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15y ago

When they are free to roam on grass, cows graze almost constantly for long periods of the day. When they are confined (in sheds or lots), they may be fed once or twice a day.

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12y ago

A cow will typically eat for around 18 to 20 hours per day, with a number of periods to rest and masticate (chew cud) in between.

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7y ago

A mature cow will consume a net energy for maintenance between 9 Mcal per day (when dry, and in mid-pregnancy) and 16 Mcal per day (when in lactation).

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11y ago

as much as you feed it

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12y ago

3

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Q: How many calories does a cow eat in one day?
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