Answer:
Scientology is a body of beliefs and related practices created by Speculative Fiction author L. Ron Hubbard (1911--1986), starting in 1952, as a successor to his earlier self-help system, Dianetics. Hubbard characterized Scientology as a religion, and in 1953 incorporated the Church of Scientology in Camden, New Jersey.
Answer found in Wikipedia @: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientology