Answer:
According to Sue, Sue and Sue (2010), behavioral psychology maintains that behavior is conditioned by consequences (rewards and punishments). In positive reinforcement, the desired behaviors are rewarded and undesirable behaviors receive nothing. A specific technique that is used in many elementary classrooms is Contingency Management (CM) is a technique that uses positive reinforcement to illicit a desired change in behavior. It is very wide spread in elementary classrooms. A teacher can use the CM technique of a token economy to encourage a desired behavior in students and decrease undesired behavior. The tokens can be used to purchase something they desire or gain special privileges. Another CM technique to encourage a desired behavior in students and decrease undesired behavior is a level system like green, yellow, red, with red being bad and green being good to illicit behavioral change. If they are on green, they get special benefits or chances that those on the lower levels do not get (Sue et al., 2010).