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vaccum is created i steam turbine after giving its heat to cooling water when it happens i mean rection of giving heat to cooling water energy is required to complete this process and that energy will drawn from surrounding atmosphere so in that way vaccum is created
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Why is vacuum in the condenser of such importance?
If you are talking about a condenser attached to a steam turbine, then a vacuum is important because it extends the usefulness of the steam in the turbine. As you probably know, steam begins to condense back into water at 212 deg at atmospheric pressure. However, in a vacuum condition, the boiling and condensing temperature is lower. Because the condenser is under a vacuum, steam exits the turbine and enters the condenser around 130 deg. This results in more power (mega watts).
Why used hogger and ejector in steam turbine?
A steam turbine condenser equipped with ejectors is usually fitted with two ejectors. The larger of the two is called the hogger and the smaller the huffer. Steam turbines are designed for efficiency and thus attempt to extract as much energy from the steam passing thru as is physically possible. Energy is extracted as both temperature and pressure decrease. The lower the temperature and pressure at the steam turbine's exhaust the more energy can be extracted from the steam. For this reason it is desirable for the steam turbine condenser (the exhaust) to be at the lowest temperature and pressure possible. The hogger, or hogging jet, is a large steam powered ejector that causes the steam condenser to operate under a near perfect vacuum whilst the steam turbine is in the start-up phase. In steady state operation the cooling effect of the condenser cooling water of the steam causes the condenser to operate under a nearly self sustained vacuum. The hogger is necessary in the start-up phase to prevent steam from condensing to water in the final stages of the turbine before the steam flow and cooling effect of the condenser can establish vacuum. The huffer or huffing jet runs continuously whilst the turbine is operating to remove any non-condensable gasses (i.e. air) that might leak into the condenser. It is nearly impossible to perfectly seal a condenser and turbine from air-in leakage. It should be noted that modern, large steam turbines do not employ steam ejectors to establish and maintain condenser vacuum. Modern designs utilize motor driven mechanical vacuum pumps.
Why hotwell level is maintained in condenser?
High hotwell level will get the cooling water tubes of condenser submerged in the condensate hence cooling efect will be reduced consequentaly vacuum will drop. Low hotwell level will lead to low suction pressure of Condensate Extraction Pump hence it may lead to cavitation.
Why vacuum is created in condenser on steam turbine?
Firstly, vacuum is being created in turbine exhaust and condenser rather than being required. It is created to reduce the back-pressures and to improve the turbine efficiency. Also, with vacuum the designers can design large size last stage blades of LP turbine for maximizing the turbine output.
What is the role of gland condenser in steam turbine?
gland condenser is a type of condenser in which steam which is coming from d turbine is used for the heating of demineralised water and then this water is sent to the boiler so boiling of hot water consumes less coal and thus we get benifit of it
How is a vacuum created in a condenser?
by air pump
What is Difference between vacuum condenser and atmospheric condenser?
An atmospheric condenser operates naturally at atmospheric pressure (1.013bar). A vacuum condenser operates at pressures below atmospheric and will use some sort of pump to provide a vacuum.
Why the vacuum is maintained in condenser?
For increasing steam turbine efficiency. if vacuum is not maintained then, uncondensable gases and air in condenser will increase the condenser pressure.
What causes Back pressure on cooling system?
Condenser Backpressure is the difference between the Atmospheric Pressure and the Vacuum Reading of the Condenser, that is: Backpressure = Atm. Pressure - Condenser Vacuum Pressure Reading Usually, the condenser vacuum pressure is read by a manometer installed at the condenser. The atmospheric pressure is read using a barometer
Why the vacuum is maintained in Steam condenser?
It is important to maintain a vacuum in a condenser if you want it to work well.
What is reason for low vacuum in surface condenser?
Reasons for low vacuum: 1. Low gland sealing pressure 2. Condenser tubes choked 3. Condenser cooling water temperature high 4. Leakage in condenser tubes 5. Less cooling water flow
What is kenotometer?
A kenotometer is an instrument used in steam turbine condensers to measure the vacuum in the steam space of the condenser. The vacuum achieved by the condenser has significant influence on the efficiency of the steam turbine.
Why is vacuum in the condenser of such importance?
If you are talking about a condenser attached to a steam turbine, then a vacuum is important because it extends the usefulness of the steam in the turbine. As you probably know, steam begins to condense back into water at 212 deg at atmospheric pressure. However, in a vacuum condition, the boiling and condensing temperature is lower. Because the condenser is under a vacuum, steam exits the turbine and enters the condenser around 130 deg. This results in more power (mega watts).
What will happen if vacuum in surface condenser is very high?
If the vacuum in the surface condenser it very high, it results in higher practical thermal efficiency. It is important for you to keep the temperature to 100 Celsius or lower for it to work properly.
What is the use of vacuum pump in thermal power plant?
A vacuum pump is used to expel air and non-condensible gases from the condenser in order to allow it to continue accepting steam (the collapse of which produces the vacuum in a condenser). If the vacuum pump fails, it will take from seconds to a few minutes before enough non-condensible gases build up in the condenser to stop the flow of steam. The non-condensible gases come from the boiler feedwater supply, despite the fact that boiler water is treated to prevent this. The minute amount of air in the water is carried with the steam into the turbine then the condenser where it will concentrate unless removed by the vacuum pump.
Why the height kept of steam ejector 10.33 m?
So that it can maintain a vacuum on the condenser; and the U-drains, which drain back to the condenser, don't get sucked dry by the ejector set. The length of each leg of U-drain is specifically designed to maintain a certain vacuum at each position. The U-drains drain the condensate from the inter and after condensers and the gland seal condenser back to the main condenser. Water under a perfect vacuum will stand in a column 34 feet high (10.33 meters), which means a vacuum of 30 inches of mercury (762 mm) would draw everything out of a column that is not at least that high. It's to maintain the water seal on the U-drains to prevent air induction into the condenser.
When was The Vacuum created?
The Vacuum was created in 2003.
