They were governed by a system of government called an Oligarchy. It meant ruled by few. These few people were normally rich people and they could overturn kings.
Ancient Sparta focused more on military achievements and ancient Athens thought more of academic knowledge. Athens were a democracy and Sparta was an oligarchy
The Ancient period is generally held to transition into Mediaeval (Dark Age) in 500 CE, so Ancient doesn't apply. However in 1000 CE, Sparta, as with the rest of the Peloponnese, was depopulated and...
Sparta was ruled by two hereditary kings, who had to rule jointly. Each king had veto power over the other's decisions. There was a council of 28 elders, called Gerousia, who were men over the age of...
the assembly was open to every male citizen over the age of 30.
met to talk about important matter such as rules about citizenship or war and to oppoint generals