There is no single answer to your question because the facts may be different in different cases. First, the insured should change the beneficiary designation if a named beneficiary dies before the insured's death. That will avoid problems later.
A beneficiary designation may include additional instructions when two or more beneficiaries are named. First, the insured can name "contingent" beneficiaries who will take a deceased beneficiaries share- on any life insurance policy. Second, the beneficiaries may be named as beneficiaries "per stirpes" or as "joint with the right of survivorship" where if one dies their share passes to the Survivor.
You need to check the designations on the particular insurance policy, the policies of the particular insurance company and the laws in your jurisdiction.
It goes to the heirs if both beneficiary's were "primary" You might also consider "contingent" beneficiary designation.
Any natural beneficiary of the deceased has standing to contest the will. Beneficiaries of a previous will may also have standing to contest it. You will need to talk to an attorney in your state to work on the process.
When the policy holder dies, the money goes to the beneficiary. If the beneficiary then dies, THEIR beneficiary then gets the money.
== == It's all a function of who's listed as the beneficiary. If someone doesn't agree and brings a lawsuit about it - The Insurance Company will probably just ask the court to decide - It would be wise to plan ahead and set up trusts, change beneficiaries, whatever so that the insured's desires are met.
There is no requirement to do so. The executor does not even have to be notified that they were appointed.
Some life insurance policies have an "irrevocable" clause, meaning, once you designate a beneficiary, that's the only beneficiary that can be designated. Stated otherwise, the owner of the policy cannot him/herself change the beneficiary without the consent of the beneficiary (hence, the use of the term "irrevocable"). If that consent can be obtained, the insurer will have forms that must be completed with a great degree of formality, in order to effect the change. The insurer will be concerned that all formalities are observed so that when the insured dies, it is not faced with conflicting claims to the proceeds.
They have no rights in that particular policy. The proceeds will be paid over to you bypassing probate.
Of course, you can contest the will. From your question, it appears you are doing so, now. You stand scant chance of prevailing in court against a properly executed will, though.
There is no reason to inform anyone. It isn't any of their business who is named in the will.
No, that would not be permissable. There are few places that allow common law spouses, so check that carefully.
Virginia Code:64.1-1. Course of descents generally.When any person having title to any real estate of inheritance shall die intestate as to such estate, it shall descend and pass in parcenary to such of his kindred, male and female, in the following course:First. To the surviving spouse of the intestate, unless the intestate is survived by children or their descendants, one or more of whom are not children or their descendants of the surviving spouse, in which case two-thirds of such estate shall pass to all the intestate's children and their descendants and the remaining one-third of such estate shall pass to the intestate's surviving spouse.That means the surviving spouse receives the estate unless the decedent had children that were not also children of the surviving spouse. If there are children from a previous marriage the surviving spouse receives one-third.
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No, all non exempt property belonging to the deceased is used to pay outstanding debts. None of the estate will be distributed to beneficiaries until probate procedures are complete and all debts have been paid to the extent of the available funds.