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RNA is synthesized by RNA polymerase that reads one strand of DNA. RNA polymerase reads DNA 3' to 5'. When RNA is made, it is made 5' to 3'. Most polymerases have the 3' to 5' "reading" activity. The created RNA strand is identical to the coding strand of DNA, which is also in the orientation of 5' to 3'.
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Which enzymes catalyzes the elongation of a new DNA strand?
DNA polymerase catalyzes the reactions that are responsible for synthesizing new DNA strands in the 5' to 3' direction. The parent DNA strand is read in the 3' to 5' direction but the daughter strand is extended in the opposite direction.
What is the direction of synthesis of the new strand?
The template strand (DNA) is read by RNA polymerase in the 3'-5' direction. First, RNA polymerase binds to an A-T rich promoter on the DNA which is upstream from the site of translation. Because A-T bonds are weaker than C-G bonds, the double helix opens up at this point and RNA polymerase begins translation. While translaing the DNA template strand, it creates a complementory mRNA strand and thus the Mrna will read 5'-3' with new bases being added at the 3' end.
What direction does RNA polymerase move along the DNA?
Nucleotides are being added as RNA polymerase moves along the DNA template strand.
RNA polymerase moves in which direction along the DNA?
3'-5' along the template strand
What initially determines which DNA strand is the template strand and therefore in which direction RNA polymerase ii moves along the DNA?
the specific sequence of bases along the DNA strands
Which enzymes catalyzes the elongation of a new DNA strand?
DNA polymerase catalyzes the reactions that are responsible for synthesizing new DNA strands in the 5' to 3' direction. The parent DNA strand is read in the 3' to 5' direction but the daughter strand is extended in the opposite direction.
What is the direction of synthesis of the new strand?
The template strand (DNA) is read by RNA polymerase in the 3'-5' direction. First, RNA polymerase binds to an A-T rich promoter on the DNA which is upstream from the site of translation. Because A-T bonds are weaker than C-G bonds, the double helix opens up at this point and RNA polymerase begins translation. While translaing the DNA template strand, it creates a complementory mRNA strand and thus the Mrna will read 5'-3' with new bases being added at the 3' end.
What is replication forks?
A replication fork is the mechanism by which a strand of DNA is synthesized. If you can imagine a strand of DNA unwound, then it would resemble a ladder. Unzip the DNA and it now looks like a fork, ie fork in road, not eating fork. There is a Leading strand, which is synthesised easily. USing DNA polymerase which 'reads' along the strand in the 3' to 5' direction on the strand, producing a replication strand in the 5' to 3' direction. The opposite strand is called the lagging strand, and this is slightly more complicated. DNA polymerase cannot read in the 5' to 3' direction on the template strand. Thus DNA primase is used to read the strand and replicate small RNA segments, called Okazaki fragments. The lagging strand has no been copied into many small strands of RNA, or Okazaki fragments. Next DNA polymerase comes along and replaces all the RNA nucleotides with DNA nucleotides. ANd finally DNA ligase 'stitches' all the small fragments into one long strand.
What direction does RNA polymerase move along the DNA?
Nucleotides are being added as RNA polymerase moves along the DNA template strand.
RNA polymerase moves in which direction along the DNA?
3'-5' along the template strand
What initially determines which DNA strand is the template strand and therefore in which direction RNA polymerase ii moves along the DNA?
the specific sequence of bases along the DNA strands
What is the name of the enzyme that match the DNA bases?
DNA polymerase matches the bases on the parent strand.
What is a polymerase commonly used for?
Polymerase are best know for their role in DNA and RNA replication. The polymerase reads the DNA or RNA strand as a template to synthesize a new strand.
What is the DNA polmerases?
DNA polymerase is an enzyme which synthetizes complementary DNA strand, according to the template strand. So if you have a single-strand DNA, DNA polymerase can sit on it and synthetize the second strand, by the pairing rules - A pairs with T, G pairs with C.
Describe the significance of Okazaki fragments?
Okazaki fragments are created during DNA replication because DNA Polymerase can only add nucleotides in a 5' to 3' direction. This means that one strand (the leading strand) can be continuously created, but the other strand (the lagging strand) runs in the opposite direction. This means that loops must be created and shorter parts of DNA replicated one at a time. This creates fragments on the lagging strand. The RNA primers on this strand are later replaced with DNA by DNA Polymerase I, and joined together with DNA ligase.
The strand of DNA that is not transcribed is called the strand.?
RNA polymerase runs in one direction and is making up a single strand of mRNA. So, the strand not copied in the antiparallel double stranded DNA is called the nonsense strand. ( sense strand is copied )
In what direction can a DNA polymerase work when catalyzing the addition of nucleotide monomers to build a strand of DNA?
DNA is polymerized in the 5' to 3' direction.
