Inductive or deductive?

Answer:
Both. Whereas an inductive argument proves only that its conclusion is likely given the premises, a deductive argument proves that the conclusion is certain given the premises. However, inductive reasoning allows more certainty in the premises themselves.

Here is an example of a deductive argument:

All swans are white. Jumping John is a swan. Therefore, Jumping John is white.

We are certain that if the premises are true, the conclusion is also true. However, the premise "all swans are white" is not certain, as we would have to observe all swans ever to exist to prove it.

Here is an example of an inductive argument:

This swan is white. That swan is white. The other swan is white. Therefore, all swans are white.

Although we have less certainty in the conclusion given the premises, we have more certainty in the premises themselves, having just observed them. Neither induction nor deduction is superior to the other.
First answer by GarrettPetersen. Last edit by GarrettPetersen. Contributor trust: 1 [recommend contributor recommended]. Question popularity: 2 [recommend question].